| Ningbo–Zhoushan Expressway | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yongzhou Expressway 甬舟高速公路 |
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| Route information | ||||
| Auxiliary route of G92 | ||||
| Length: | 68 km (42 mi) | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| West end: | G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway, G92 Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway, G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang | |||
| East end: | China National Highway 329, Zhoushan, Zhejiang | |||
| Highway system | ||||
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The Ningbo−Zhoushan Expressway (simplified Chinese: 宁波−舟山高速公路; traditional Chinese: 寧波−舟山高速公路), commonly referred to as the Yongzhou Expressway (Chinese: 甬舟高速公路) is an expressway in Zhejiang, China which links Ningbo to Zhoushan. In the National Trunk Highway System (NTHS) in China, the number of this highway is G9211.
The expressway derives its name from the combination of two one-character Chinese abbreviations of both Ningbo and Zhoushan (Ningbo−Yong, Zhoushan−Zhou). Starting from the Qianyang hub on the G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway and ending on the National Highway G329 at Yadanshan Dock, the road can be divided into two parts. The first section which was opened to traffic at the end of 2010, starts from the Qianyang hub and ends at the Jiaochuan hub, which is shared with the G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway. The second section starts from the Jiaochuan hub and ends at the Yadanshan Dock. It contains 5 cross-sea bridges, and was opened to traffic on December 25, 2009.[1]
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The section from Jiaochuan to Yadanshan was called The Project Connecting Zhoushan Islands and Mainland, which have a length of 48 kolometers, the largest project that connects islands with mainland in China.[2] The first phase of the project began construction in September, 1999 and open to traffic on January 1, 2006. It comprises three bridges: Cengang Bridge, Xiangjiaomen Bridge and Taoyaomen Bridge. The second phase was endorsed by NDRC in China and began construction on May 20. On December 25, 2009, both phases was open to traffic.[3] The section from Qianyang to Baoguosi have a length of 7 kilometers, began construction in 2005[4] and finished in December 26, 2007.[5] The section from Baoguosi to Jiaochuanhave a length of 13 kilometers, began construction on February 27, 2008[6] and will be finished in the end of 2010.[7]
Yongzhou Expressway comprises 5 cross-sea bridges connecting Zhoushan Island, Lidiao Island, Fuchi Island, Cezi Island, Jintang Island and the mainland. Among all the bridges, Jintang Bridge is the third longest cross-sea bridge in China, after Hangzhou Bay Bridge and Donghai Bridge. It is also the longest cable-stayed bridge built on the sea. Xihoumen Bridge is the second longest suspension bridge in the world, after the Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge in Japan.
Cengang bridge is the first bridge in the project. Acrossing Cengang Aqueduct, the bridge connects Zhoushan Island with Lidiao Island. The length of the bridge is 793 meters and the bridge have 4 lanes of expressway.[8]
Xiangjiaomen Bridge is the second bridge in the project. Acrossing Xiangjiaomen Aqueduct, the bridge connects Lidiao Island with Fuchi Island. With a length of 951 meters and four lanes of expressway, the bridge have a span of 150 meters. Ships of up to 500 tons of displacement can go across the bridge safely.[9]
Taoyaomen Bridge is the third bridge in the project. Ships of up to 2000 tons of displacement can go across the bridge safely.[10]
Xihoumen Bridge is the fourth bridge in the project. The construction work began on May, 2004. The bridge is designed as a suspension bridge and it have the second longest span in the world. Ships of up to 30000 tons of displacement can go across the bridge safely.[11]
Jintang Bridge is the fifth in order and also the longest in length of all the bridges in the project. The length of the bridge is 18.5 kilometers. It is the third longest cross-sea bridge built in China. The major ship passage was held by two bridge towers with 620 meters' height and ships of up to 50000 tons of displacement can go across the bridge safely.[12]
Bridges in Yongzhou Expressway are built on straights near Port of Ningbo, where there is a high volume of sea traffic. Three collisions occurred during the construction of the expressway. On March 28, 2008, a cargo ship registered in Taizhou collided with Jintang Bridge. Part of the bridge was destroyed and four people were killed by falling masonry.[13] On January 6, 2009, a construction ship registered in Lianyungang collided with the Taoyaomen Bridge, however, there was no significant damage.[14] On November 16, a ship from Korea collided with the Jintang Bridge. Though the damage was only minor, the accident delayed the opening of the expressway to traffic from November 22 until December 25.[15]
After the expressway was opened to traffic, every vehicle traveling on the expressway from Jiaochuan to Zhoushan was required to pay RMB 10 as the Zhoushan Island Vehicle Fee (also called island entrance fee by local residents). It raised disputes in Zhoushan. The administrators state that this fee is used for compensating the construction expenditure of roads in Zhoushan, especially the expressway.[16] As of June, 2010, Zhoushan residents are free from this toll, but vehicles from other regions still need to pay the fee.[17]
Given the road condition, the speed limitation from Zhoushan to Lidiao toll gate is 60 km/h while the speed limitation from Lidiao to Cezi toll gate is 80 km/h,[18] which also raises dispute because of the high toll.[19] It is said that the expressway is now under maintenance for higher speed.[20]
| Number | Name | km | Connecting Expressways |
Connecting Roadways | Status | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhoushan Cross-sea Bridges | |||||||
| (1) | Zhoushan (舟山) Also known as Shuangqiao (双桥) |
0 | China National Highway 329 | Open | |||
| (2) | Cengang (岑港) | 11 | Xicen Line | Open | |||
| (3) | Lidiao (里钓) | 12 | Open | Cengang Bridge connects Cengang and Lidiao | |||
| (4) | Fuchi (富翅) | 13 | Open | Xiangjiaomen Bridge connects Lidiao and Fuchi | |||
| (5) | Cezi (册子) | 13 | Beitao Line | Open | Taoyaomen Bridge connects Fuchi and Cezi | ||
| (6) | Jintang (金塘) | 16 | Dongdong Line | Open | Xihoumen Bridge connects Cezi and Jintang | ||
| Concurrency with G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway | |||||||
| (7) | Jiaochuan (蛟川) | 48 | G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway | East Outer Ring Road Zhenhai Avenue |
Open | Jintang Bridge connects Jiaochuan and Jintang | |
| (8) | Shahe (沙河) | 54 | Century Avenue | Unbuilt | Estimated to open in 2011 | ||
| (9) | Jiulong Lake (九龙湖) | 58 | Jiulong Avenue | Unbuilt | Estimated to open in 2011 | ||
| (10) | Baoguo Temple (保国寺) | 61 | Ningbo Airport Highway | Open | |||
| (11) | Ningbo North (宁波北) Also known as Qianyang (前洋) |
68 | G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway G92 Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway G1501 Ningbo Ring Expressway |
North Outer Ring Road | Open | ||
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